The BRAIN Initiative: Preclinical Proof of Concept for Novel Recording and Modulation Technologies in the Human CNS (R18 - Clinical Trial Not Allowed), RFA-NS-24-031, invites applications for projects aimed at advancing the development of innovative technologies for recording and modulating central nervous system (CNS) activity. This funding opportunity is part of the BRAIN Initiative, which seeks to accelerate the understanding of the human brain by supporting the development of novel tools and technologies that can be used to diagnose, treat, or better understand CNS diseases and disorders. The program targets projects that can demonstrate proof of concept and bring these technologies closer to readiness for first-in-human (FIH) studies. The use of various signal modalities, including electrical, optical, magnetic, and acoustic, or combinations thereof, is encouraged.

Eligible applicants include a broad range of organizations, such as higher education institutions, nonprofits, for-profit entities, tribal organizations, and various government entities. The opportunity is open to both domestic and foreign components of U.S. organizations, although foreign entities themselves are not eligible to apply. Applicants are encouraged to assemble diverse, multidisciplinary teams that integrate the necessary expertise across various fields relevant to the proposed technology development.

The total funding available and the number of awards have not been specified, but individual projects may request up to $750,000. Cost-sharing or matching funds are not required for this grant. The funding is designed to support projects through the preclinical phase, advancing novel CNS technologies from proof of concept to the stage of readiness for human testing, without supporting clinical trials at this stage.

Applications are due by January 28, 2027, and potential applicants are encouraged to prepare well in advance to ensure compliance with all guidelines and requirements outlined in the full funding announcement. The NIH provides additional guidance and resources to assist with the application process.