The Thermal Transport Processes program, part of the Transport Phenomena cluster alongside the Combustion and Fire Systems, Fluid Dynamics, and Particulate and Multiphase Processes programs, supports pioneering research in thermal transport phenomena. This program seeks projects that advance fundamental knowledge or integrate existing knowledge from thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat and mass transfer to explore new innovations in thermal processes. Emphasis is on transformative research that enhances our understanding, predictability, and application of thermal transport, with a focus on fundamental contributions and potential societal, economic, or environmental impacts. Areas of interest include convection, diffusion, and radiation; thermodynamics; biological heat and mass transport; nanothermics and microthermics; thermal solutions to climate change; the interface between thermal science and quantum technology; and novel metrology and AI/machine learning methodologies in thermal sciences. Proposals that demonstrate how thermal transport phenomena impact components and systems, and that combine analytical, experimental, and numerical approaches, are particularly encouraged.