The purpose of this notice of funding opportunity (NOFO) is to solicit applications proposing innovative transdisciplinary research that integrates approaches across social/cognitive neuroscience and other social sciences and will lead to a testable conceptual or computational model that provides mechanistic insights into social behavior and its relationships with the onset, trajectory and impact of Substance Use Disorders (SUD) and comorbidities. This NOFO is specifically soliciting applications proposing BESH research, referred to in NOT-OD-18-212 as prospective basic science studies involving human participants. These studies fall within the NIH definition of a clinical trial and also meet the definition of basic research. Application budgets are not limited but need to reflect the actual needs of the proposed project.