The National Cancer Institute (NCI) invites applications for research grants under the program "Mechanisms that Impact Cancer Risk with Use of Incretin Mimetics" (R01). This funding opportunity supports investigator-initiated studies to explore how incretin mimetics, particularly glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor agonists (RAs) and dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP)-1 RAs, influence cancer risk. These agents, primarily used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, have shown complex associations with cancer, including potential risks for thyroid cancer and protective effects for prostate cancer.

The research objectives include elucidating mechanisms by which these drugs modulate cancer risk, identifying cancer types affected, evaluating off-target effects, and exploring differential impacts among demographic groups. Both preclinical and human studies are encouraged, provided the research evaluates mechanisms using samples from subjects or models exposed to incretin mimetics.

Applications may request budgets reflecting project needs, and the maximum project period is five years. Clinical trials are optional but must include a physician experienced with incretin mimetics. Non-responsive projects include those focused solely on in vitro studies, epidemiological investigations without mechanistic insights, or clinical trials without appropriate expertise.

Eligible applicants include higher education institutions, nonprofits, for-profit organizations, state and local governments, tribal nations, and foreign entities. Registration in SAM.gov, eRA Commons, and Grants.gov is required. Letters of intent, while optional, are encouraged 30 days before submission to streamline review planning.

Applications are due on standard NIH deadlines, including February 5, June 5, and October 5 annually. Proposals will be evaluated based on significance, innovation, approach, and expertise, with a focus on the feasibility and potential impact on cancer prevention or promotion. NCI strongly encourages early engagement with program staff to ensure alignment with the NOFO’s goals.

For further details, contact the listed program officers or access additional resources through NIH. This program represents an opportunity to advance understanding of how widely used therapeutic agents affect cancer risk, offering potential insights into prevention and treatment strategies.