The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is soliciting innovative proposals in the following technical area: intravascular gas-exchange and trauma resuscitation through a single intravascular cannula. Proposed research should investigate innovative approaches that enable revolutionary advances which would develop the necessary device(s) to enable management of a polytrauma patient through a single intravascular access without the thrombotic complications associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Specifically excluded is research that primarily results in evolutionary improvements to the existing state of practice.