The National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Division of Physics (PHY) is accepting proposals for investigator-initiated research projects under solicitation NSF 23-615. This program supports experimental and theoretical research across a broad range of physics subfields, including Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Gravitational Physics, Nuclear Physics, Particle Astrophysics, Physics at the Information Frontier, Physics of Living Systems, Plasma Physics, and Quantum Information Science. The program’s mission is to foster fundamental discoveries that deepen understanding of matter, energy, and the universe, while also promoting the development of a diverse, innovative workforce in physics.

Eligible institutions include U.S.-based two- and four-year colleges, universities, and nonprofit, non-academic research organizations such as observatories and professional societies involved in research or educational activities. For-profit entities, state and local governments, and tribal governments may also apply if they meet specific program-related requirements. Foreign institutions can participate in collaboration with U.S.-based institutions but cannot receive direct funding.

Proposals should be submitted through NSF’s Research.gov or Grants.gov, following the NSF Proposal & Award Policies & Procedures Guide (PAPPG) guidelines. Deadlines vary by program and occur in November and December annually, depending on the specific subfield. For example, plasma physics proposals are due on the third Monday in November, while proposals for nuclear physics and quantum information science are due on the second Tuesday in December. All proposals must include a project description, a current and pending support statement, and letters of collaboration if applicable. Proposals involving substantial investments, such as mid-scale infrastructure or long-term projects, require additional planning and documentation.

Funding for the program includes approximately $120 million in total annual awards, with an estimated 300 grants anticipated each year. Award amounts vary depending on the scope and duration of the research, with options for standard grants, continuing grants, and cooperative agreements. Additionally, NSF encourages single proposal submissions to simplify the review process, though co-review across programs may be considered for interdisciplinary projects.

Merit review criteria include both intellectual merit and broader impacts, with an emphasis on advancing scientific knowledge and contributing to societal goals. Proposals for large investments, such as mid-scale research infrastructure or long-duration projects, will undergo additional review to assess feasibility, technical readiness, and alignment with programmatic priorities. Successful applicants are expected to contribute to the advancement of STEM education and diversity within the field, as well as to maintain high standards of scientific rigor and transparency.

Awardees are required to submit annual and final project reports through Research.gov. Additional reports may be requested for large investments or long-term projects. NSF conducts periodic reviews of funded projects to evaluate progress toward scientific goals and broader impacts, which may include site visits for large or complex projects.