Through this funding opportunity announcement, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) solicits applications to Cancer Epidemiology Cohorts: Building the Next Generation of Research Cohorts PAR. This funding opportunity announcement seeks to support initiating and building the next generation of population-based cancer epidemiology cohorts to address specific knowledge gaps in cancer etiology and survivorship. Specifically, it will support methodological work necessary to initiate and build cancer epidemiology cohorts that can address critical scientific gaps concerning (i) new or unique exposures in relation to cancer risks and outcomes and (ii) achievement of diverse populations in cohorts with the inclusion of understudied populations (e.g., racial/ethnic groups, rural populations, and persistent poverty areas) with substantial community engagement.